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Immunoregulatory effects of

Dan Luo, Zhengyun Zuo, Hongyan Zhao, Yong Tan, Cheng Xiao

《医学前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第5期页码 556-563 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0649-5

摘要： Hook F (TwHF) and its extracts have long been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune diseases, and kidney disease due to their anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, and other pharmacological effects. However, the clinical immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts remain unclear, so we reviewed their effects for use in clinical practice. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the recent literature on the immunoregulatory effects of TwHF and its extracts in clinical studies. TwHF and its extracts affect the proliferation and activation of T and B cells; ratio of T cell subsets; inflammatory response of monocytes, macrophages, and immunoglobulins; and secretion of many cytokines. Together, these effects dictate immune function in a variety of diseases. TwHF and its extracts can be used alone or in combination with existing therapies against many immune disorders through immunomodulation.

关键词： Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F immunoregulation clinical studies

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Pressure drop analysis on the positive half-cell of a cerium redox flow battery using computational fluid dynamics: Mathematical and modelling aspects of porous media

Fernando F. Rivera, Berenice Miranda-Alcántara, Germán Orozco, Carlos Ponce de León, Luis F. Arenas

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 399-409 doi: 10.1007/s11705-020-1934-9

摘要： Description of electrolyte fluid dynamics in the electrode compartments by mathematical models can be a powerful tool in the development of redox flow batteries (RFBs) and other electrochemical reactors. In order to determine their predictive capability, turbulent Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and free flow plus porous media (Brinkman) models were applied to compute local fluid velocities taking place in a rectangular channel electrochemical flow cell used as the positive half-cell of a cerium-based RFB for laboratory studies. Two different platinized titanium electrodes were considered, a plate plus a turbulence promoter and an expanded metal mesh. Calculated pressure drop was validated against experimental data obtained with typical cerium electrolytes. It was found that the pressure drop values were better described by the RANS approach, whereas the validity of Brinkman equations was strongly dependent on porosity and permeability values of the porous media.

关键词： CFD simulation porous media porous electrode pressure drop redox flow battery

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Development of soft kernel durum wheat

Craig F. MORRIS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第3期页码 273-278 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019259

摘要：

Kernel texture (grain hardness) is a fundamental and determining factor related to wheat ( spp.) milling, baking and flour utilization. There are three kernel texture classes in wheat: soft and hard hexaploid ( ), and very hard durum ( subsp. ). The genetic basis for these three classes lies with the Puroindoline genes. Phenotypically, the easiest means of quantifying kernel texture is with the Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS), although other means are valid and can provide fundamental material properties. Typical SKCS values for soft wheat would be around 25 and for durum wheat≥80. Soft kernel durum wheat was created via homeologous recombination using the mutation, which facilitated the transfer of ca. 28 Mbp of 5DS that replaced ca. 21 Mbp of 5BS. The 5DS translocation contained a complete and intact locus and both puroindoline genes. Expression of the puroindoline genes in durum grain resulted in kernel texture and flour milling characteristics nearly identical to that of soft wheat, with high yields of break and straight-grade flours, which had small particle size and low starch damage. Dough water absorption was markedly reduced compared to durum flour and semolina. Dough was essentially unchanged and reflected the inherent gluten properties of the durum background. Pasta quality was essentially equal-to-or-better than pasta made from semolina. Agronomically, soft durum germplasm showed good potential with moderate grain yield and resistance to a number of fungal pathogens and insects. Future breeding efforts will no doubt further improve the quality and competitiveness of soft durum cultivars.

关键词： soft durum wheat grain hardness puroindolines milling baking pasta noodles

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组织工程模板中的生物相容性途径 Perspective

David F. Williams

《工程（英文）》 2018年第4卷第2期页码 286-290 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.03.007

摘要：

组织工程通过系统结合分子信号和力学信号对特定靶细胞进行有意可控刺激以组建新的组织，通常需要借助由生物材料构建的结构传递这些信号，并对生成的组织块塑形。这些结构之前被称为支架，如今被更准确地命名为模板，其规范却难以定义，主要因为该规范必须涉及为细胞组建新组织提供适宜的微环境，以及细胞与模板材料的相互作用符合构建新型可存活组织的需求。这些特点统称为生物相容性。然而，传统生物相容性的理论和公认机制（大多通过可移植的医学装置进行实验得出）不足以解释在组织工程过程中的现象。本文作者近期在特定的基于材料、生物学的途径方面重新定义了生物相容性。本文以上述途径为前提讨论了组织工程生物相容性的机制。

关键词：生物材料支架机械力转导炎症拓扑

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Resistance of large deformation of the Wushaoling Tunnel F7 soft fault

ZHAO Xufeng, CHEN Haiming, WANG Chunmiao

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2007年第1卷第1期页码 123-127 doi: 10.1007/s11709-007-0013-3

摘要： In this article, the mechanical characteristics of the squeeze of the F7 fault of the Wushaoling Tunnel are analyzed. The measurements and techniques are proposed to resist the deformation. The result indicates that the method of construction to control the further squeeze deflection is appropriate.

关键词： F7 deformation appropriate construction mechanical

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未来网络专辑：软件定义网络 Editorial

Tao HUANG,F. Richard YU,Yun-jie LIU

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第7期页码 603-605 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.SDN2016

摘要：无

关键词：无

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Nanocrystal technology for drug formulation and delivery

Tzu-Lan CHANG, Honglei ZHAN, Danni LIANG, Jun F. LIANG

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第9卷第1期页码 1-14 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1509-3

摘要： With the development of modern technology like high throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry and computer aid drug design, the drug discovery process has been dramatically accelerated. However, new drug candidates often exhibit poor aqueous or even organic medium solubility. Additionally, many of them may have low dissolution velocity and low oral bioavailability. Nanocrystal formulation sheds new light on advanced drug development. Due to small (nano- or micro- meters) sizes, the increased surface-volume ratio leads to dramatically enhanced drug dissolution velocity and saturation solubility. The simplicity in preparation and the potential for various administration routes allow drug nanocrystals to be a novel drug delivery system for specific diseases (i.e. cancer). In addition to the comprehensive review of different technologies and methods in drug nanocrystal preparation, suspension, and stabilization, we will also compare nano- and micro-sized drug crystals in pharmaceutical applications and discuss current nanocrystal drugs on the market and their limitations.

关键词： drug nanocrystal nanotechnology formulation bioavailability stabilizers drug delivery

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Decomposing drivers of transportation energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions for the Philippines: the case of developing countries

Neil Stephen LOPEZ, Anthony S.F. CHIU, Jose Bienvenido Manuel BIONA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年第12卷第3期页码 389-399 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0578-7

摘要：

Global CO₂ emissions increased by 57.9% from 1990 to 2014, of which 21% is known to be from the transportation sector. In line with policy development, driving forces to energy consumption and emissions may be determined using decomposition analysis techniques. However, the detail of information required to perform such studies for the transportation sector in developing countries can be challenging. An attempt was made in this study to formulate a decomposition analysis framework considering data availability and limitation in developing countries. Furthermore, a suggestion of adjusting transport activity data using average oil price was proposed. An illustrative case study in the Philippines revealed that the most significant driver was transport activity, followed by energy intensity, and then population growth, which was both similar and contrary to all previous studies performed in developed and rapidly urbanizing countries, which pointed out to transport activity as the primary contributing force. For the Philippines, transport activity was an inhibiting force, whereas energy intensity was the primary contributing factor. The difference could be explained by the differences in mode shares and quality of life between countries. Looking at private vehicle ownership data, it is observed that growth rates are higher in the rural, than in the urban centers. Deriving from the findings, developing a comprehensive public transport plan is recommend for future growth areas, expansion and modernization of public transport services in the city, and strategic deployment of transport policies.

关键词： transportation LMDI decomposition developing country emissions

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Comments on the special issue on Agri-product Quality and Safety

Charles F. SHOEMAKER

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第3期页码 294-294 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018237

摘要：

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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Observation of a higher JAK2 V617F homozygous mutated clone in polycythemia vera compared to essential

LIU Hongxing, TONG Chunrong, CAI Peng, GU Jiangying, LIN Yuehui, TENG Wen, WANG He, ZHANG Ying, ZHU Ping

《医学前沿（英文）》 2008年第2卷第3期页码 309-313 doi: 10.1007/s11684-008-0059-1

摘要： Single-tube bi-directional allele specific amplification (SB-ASA) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) assays were developed and performed for JAK2V617F detection on 40 polycythemia vera (PV) samples, 31 essential thrombocythemia (ET) samples, 40 acute leukemia samples, and 40 healthy control samples. Differences between detect limitations of the two assays and their influence on the mutation detection rate were analyzed. The results showed that in some samples, the JAK2V617F burden was as low as nearly 1%, and thus more JAK2V617F-positive samples were detected by RQ-PCR than by SB-ASA assay due to the former higher detect limitation. Mutation allele ratios in PV and ET samples and their relevance to biological characteristics were also analyzed. The results showed that the mutation allele ratio was 0.436 ± 0.261 in PV, higher than the 0.216 ± 0.207 in ET; percentage of certainly homozygous mutation carriers in PV was 40.54%, higher than the 10% in ET. However, statistical analysis showed no relevance between mutation allele burden and sex or age. Our result shows that the pathogenesis of PV and ET may be related to the mutation allele burden of JAK2V617F.

关键词： specific amplification essential thrombocythemia Single-tube bi-directional JAK2V617F-positive JAK2V617F detection

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Effect of process parameters on the density and porosity of laser melted AlSi10Mg/SiC metal matrix composite

FAMODIMU, Mark STANFORD, Chike F. ODUOZA, Lijuan ZHANG

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第13卷第4期页码 520-527 doi: 10.1007/s11465-018-0521-y

摘要：

Laser melting of aluminium alloy—AlSi10Mg has increasingly been used to create specialised products in various industrial applications, however, research on utilising laser melting of aluminium matrix composites in replacing specialised parts have been slow on the uptake. This has been attributed to the complexity of the laser melting process, metal/ceramic feedstock for the process and the reaction of the feedstock material to the laser. Thus, an understanding of the process, material microstructure and mechanical properties is important for its adoption as a manufacturing route of aluminium metal matrix composites. The effects of several parameters of the laser melting process on the mechanical blended composite were thus investigated in this research. This included single track formations of the matrix alloy and the composite alloyed with 5% and 10% respectively for their reaction to laser melting and the fabrication of density blocks to investigate the relative density and porosity over different scan speeds. The results from these experiments were utilised in determining a process window in fabricating near-fully dense parts.

关键词： selective laser melting additive manufacturing mechanical alloying powder metallurgy aluminium metal matrix composite

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Analysis and design of steel-concrete composite sandwich systems subjected to extreme loads

Kazi Md Abu SOHEL, Jat Yuen Richard LIEW, Min Hong ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第3期页码 278-293 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0120-z

摘要： This paper presents the design guide based on analytical, numerical and experimental investigation of Steel-concrete-steel (SCS) sandwich structural members comprising a lightweight concrete core with density ranged from 1300 to 1445 kg/m subjected to static, impact and blast loads. The performance of lightweight sandwich members is also compared with similar members with normal weight concrete core and ultra high strength concrete core ( = 180 MPa). Novel J-hook shear connectors were invented to prevent the separation of face plates from the concrete core under extreme loads and their uses are not restricted by the concrete core thickness. Flexural and punching are the primary modes of failure under static point load. Impact test results show that the SCS sandwich panels with the J-hook connectors are capable of resisting impact load with less damage in comparison than equivalent stiffened steel plate panels. Blast tests with 100 kg TNT were performed on SCS sandwich specimens to investigate the key parameters that affect the blast resistance of SCS sandwich structure. Plastic yield line method is proposed to predict the plastic capacity and post peak large deflection of the sandwich plates. Finally, an energy balanced model is developed to analyze the global behavior of SCS sandwich panels subjected to dynamic load.

关键词： blast load composite structure impact load lightweight concrete sandwich plate J-hook connector

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矿井低压电网选择性漏电保护系统总体设计与实现

孙玉坤,朱志莹,黄振跃,唐平

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第7期页码 93-97

摘要：

设计了一款以dsPIC30F4012为主控制器、PIC16F877A为从处理器的新型主从式选择性漏电保护系统。

关键词：漏电保护选择性 dsPIC30F4012 PIC16F877A RS—485总线光纤通信

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An Algorithm to compute damage from load in composites

Cyrille F. DUNANT, Stéphane P. A. BORDAS, Pierre KERFRIDEN, Karen L. SCRIVENER, Timon RABCZUK

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2011年第5卷第2期页码 180-193 doi: 10.1007/s11709-011-0107-9

摘要： We present a new method to model fracture of concrete based on energy minimisation. The concrete is considered on the mesoscale as composite consisting of cement paste, aggregates and micro pores. In this first step, the alkali-silica reaction is taken into account through damage mechanics though the process is more complex involving thermo-hygro-chemo-mechanical reaction. We use a non-local damage model that ensures the well-posedness of the boundary value problem (BVP). In contrast to existing methods, the interactions between degrees of freedom evolve with the damage evolutions. Numerical results are compared to analytical and experimental results and show good agreement.

关键词： Concrete damage prediction modelling energy minimisation ASR

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Influence of harvest date on seed yield and quality in forage kochia

Cody F. CREECH, Blair L. WALDRON, Corey V. RAMSOM, Dale R. ZOBELL, Joseph Earl CREECH

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年第5卷第1期页码 71-79 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017196

摘要： Forage kochia ( ) is used for rangeland reclamation and livestock and wildlife forage, but limited research has been conducted on its seed production. Therefore, this research evaluated the effect of harvest date on seed weight, germination, and seed yield of forage kochia subspecies and . Seed was harvested from individual plants for 3 years during October, November, and December. October harvest had the lightest 100-seed weights, with the November harvest slightly heavier than December, for most accessions. Cultivar Snowstorm and breeding line Sahsel, both subsp. , had the greatest 100-seed weights in November, 155 and 143 mg, respectively, whereas, cv. Immigrant (subsp. ), the standard for forage kochia, ranked among the least for 100-seed weight. For most accessions, germination was lowest from the October harvest (11%–43%), with greater germination with November and December harvested seeds (43%–64%). Viable seed yields were greatest in November with the exception of two accessions, which peaked in October, indicating earlier maturity. Results indicate that forage kochia usually reaches optimum seed maturity by early November, after plants are exposed to freezing temperatures; however, earlier maturing accessions exist in both subspecies and .

关键词： forage rangeland seed germination seed quality

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标题作者时间类型操作

Immunoregulatory effects of

Dan Luo, Zhengyun Zuo, Hongyan Zhao, Yong Tan, Cheng Xiao

期刊论文

Pressure drop analysis on the positive half-cell of a cerium redox flow battery using computational fluid dynamics: Mathematical and modelling aspects of porous media

Fernando F. Rivera, Berenice Miranda-Alcántara, Germán Orozco, Carlos Ponce de León, Luis F. Arenas

期刊论文

Development of soft kernel durum wheat

Craig F. MORRIS

期刊论文

组织工程模板中的生物相容性途径

David F. Williams

期刊论文

Resistance of large deformation of the Wushaoling Tunnel F7 soft fault

ZHAO Xufeng, CHEN Haiming, WANG Chunmiao

期刊论文

未来网络专辑：软件定义网络